2/16/2023 0 Comments Hand of fate 2 kallas![]() through the bit and reins, but few studies have investigated at which point rein tension becomes uncomfortable for the horse. Rein tension acceptance in young horses in a voluntary test situation.Ĭhristensen, J W Zharkikh, T L Antoine, A Malmkvist, Jĭuring riding, horses are frequently exposed to pressure from the rider, e.g. Carefully fitted martingales may have a place in riding schools that teach novices. Relative to the withers, the head was lower for horses ridden with martingales. Mean rein tension for TM was higher than that of RI or controls. No differences in the number of CB were observed. Behavioural data were assessed using an ethogram of defined behaviours. Rein-tension data were collected via strain-gauge transducers. Rein-tension data (7s) and behavioural data (30s) were collected in each direction. ![]() Four horses and nine riders were tested under three conditions in random order: plain reins, adjustable training martingales (TM), and elasticised rein inserts (RI). ![]() Others consider these devices to be inappropriate 'crutches'. Some instructors feel that martingales or elastic rein inserts can reduce discomfort caused by inexperienced and unsteady hands. Unsteady hand position can cause discomfort to the horse, potentially leading to conflict behaviours (CB) such as head tossing or tail lashing. Heleski, C R McGreevy, P D Kaiser, L J Lavagnino, M Tans, E Bello, N Clayton, H M All rights reserved.Įffects on behaviour and rein tension on horses ridden with or without martingales and rein inserts. Since the tension variables respond differently to rein elasticity at different lengths, it is recommended that a set of variables representing different aspects of rein tension should be reported. Short, inelastic reins had the highest maximal tension and rate of loading. At neutral or short lengths, minimal tension increased and maximal tension decreased with elasticity of the reins. Within each rein type, minimal, maximal and mean tensions were higher with shorter reins. Rein tension oscillated in a regular pattern with a peak during each diagonal stance phase. The effects of rein type and length were evaluated using ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc tests. Strain gauge transducers (240 Hz) measured minimal, maximal and mean rein tension, rate of loading and impulse. Eight riding horses trotted in hand at consistent speed in a straight line wearing a bit and bridle and three types of side reins (inelastic, stiff elastic, compliant elastic) were evaluated in random order at long, neutral, and short lengths. The experimental hypotheses were that tension in side reins (1) increases biphasically in each trot stride, (2) changes inversely with rein length, and (3) changes with elasticity of the reins. This study investigated the horse's contribution to tension in the reins. Length and elasticity of side reins affect rein tension at trot.Ĭlayton, Hilary M Larson, Britt Kaiser, LeeAnn J Lavagnino, Michael
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